Detailed Steps of Glycolysis

Detailed Steps of Glycolysis

Glycolysis is breaking down sugar:

There are 10 reactions in glycolysis which ultimately yield pyruvate!

1. Phosphorylation of glucose to glucose-6 phosphate

2. Isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate

3. Phosphorylation of the hydroxyl group on C1 forming fructose-1,6- bisphosphate

4. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is split into 2 3-carbon molecules, one aldehyde and one ketone: dihyroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

5. DHAP and GAP are isomers of each other and can readily inter-convert by the action of the enzyme triose-phosphate isomerase

6. GAP is dehydrogenated by the enzyme glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase

7. Produce 3-phosphoglycerate with enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase

8. Phosphate shifts from C3 to C2 to form 2-phosphoglycerate

9. Water molecule is removed to form phosphoenolpyruvate

10. Enol pyruvate changes to keto pyruvate

The image below sums up the 10 reactions in glycolysis:

References:

biochemstarr.files.wordpress

csun.edu