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Suppose we take two real numbers xx and yy, and let x>yx>y without any loss of generality. Then we have some natural number nn such that n(x−y)>1n(x-y)>1. (For example if x=3.1x=3.1 and y=2.8y=2.8, then one candidate is n=4n=4.) Now by the Archimedean property, there exists two natural numbers n1n_1 and n2n_2 such that −n2<ny<n1-n_2<ny<n_1. Since −n2<0-n_2<0, there must exists some integer NN such that −n2≤N≤n1-n_2\leq N\leq n_1 and N−1≤ny<NN-1\leq ny< N and hence we have ny<N<nxny<N<nx, now dividing both by nn we get x<N/n<yx<N/n<y. Thus, we now have a rational number between two real numbers, so the rationals are dense in the reals.

Type a concept, like “slope” or “photosynthesis”.

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