ইন্টুইশন: বিবর্ধন কোণের মান সংরক্ষণ করে

Before this, knowডায়ালেশন , অথবা হোমোথেটি কী ?

Illustrated · 1 min

Given a center OO and a scale factor kk, a dilation is a transformation that maps every point PP to the point pp such that Op→=k⋅OP→\overrightarrow{Op}=k\cdot\overrightarrow{OP}.

From this, can we show intuitively that ∠abc≅∠ABC\angle abc\cong\angle ABC for any such dilation? (In the diagram below, the points P,A,B,CP,A,B,C are dilated about OO with two scale factors: k=1.5k=1.5 sends the points to p,a,b,cp,a,b,c, and k=−0.7k=-0.7 sends the points to q,x,y,zq,x,y,z. We'll focus on k=1.5k=1.5, but the same reasoning applies to k=−0.7k=-0.7.)

From pure intuition, and from perhaps trying some examples, it seems as though a dilation maps a figure to something that is essentially the same figure, just not the same size. All of the properties that do not depend on size are the same. Thus, a natural way to proceed is to show that any triangle is mapped to a similar triangle.

Clearly △AOB∼△aOb\triangle AOB\sim\triangle aOb; of course, the symmetric results also hold.

Thus, we have that ab=k⋅ABab=k\cdot AB, as well as the symmetric results.

This means that △abc∼△ABC\triangle abc\sim\triangle ABC, and therefore ∠abc≅∠ABC\angle abc\cong\angle ABC.

We have thus intuitively shown that dilations preserve angles.

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Contest problems rarely look like the examples you studied. Solving one means finding your own way in. These are real problems from the AMC 12, the national math competitions for middle and high school students, each with a worked solution on LIVE by Po-Shen Loh.

Type a concept, like “slope” or “photosynthesis”.

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