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Euclid is widely know as the father of geometry. He was a Greek mathematician who lived in Alexandria during the reign of Ptolemy the First. We don't know very much about Euclid because there aren't many texts about his life, but his own book, The Elements, was the main reference for math until about the 19th century. This awesome guy even started his own branch of geometry, known as Euclidean Geometry.
On the other hand, the German mathematician David Hilbert was a well known mathematician living in the 19th to early 20th centuries. He was said to have founded proof theory and mathematical logic. So if you're stuck writing a long paragraph proof on something pretty lame, you have Hilbert to thank. He also founded the foundation of functional analysis, if that makes any sense.